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Thursday, 12 January 2017

Winning V Development: Not mutually exclusive

Winning Isn’t Bad: It just shouldn’t be used as a way to measure the development of young players.
There’s a consensus among dads of young boys that play football in England, that winning in football is a taboo. “I don’t agree with all this not winning stuff” is an actual quote one of my parents once said to me. What they believe, wrongly, is that us coaches are not looking to win games of football, as if we are deliberately losing. I like to win. In fact, I am driven by it. We just have to be a bit careful on how we go about it, how we determine what winning is, and what we sacrifice to achieve this win.
It's a surprisingly huge topic, and to me, it seems like people just aren’t understanding each other. Firstly, there’s not two sides Winning v Development. The two are not mutually exclusive, but they do not mean the same thing. It’s more like a spectrum. Where you should place yourself depends on so many variables. 

Often when this debate is had, the two people arguing are usually a lot closer in their opinions than they seem to be. Essentially, they both want to achieve the same long term goal of improving players. The problem is that either they do not disclose the environment in which they are working, or that they are unable to see things from the other’s point of view. An U7 grassroots coach will have very different priorities to an U18 pro coach. These arguments often get stuck on the semantics. The U7 coach will state that all players deserve equal time on the field so that they are all given the opportunity to practise their skills. The U18 coach will say that he will only pick his best players, or give more game time to certain individuals, because that’s how it works when they enter the pro game, or that he focuses on those individuals because they have a chance of making it, while the rest of the team are just there to make up the numbers. Can you see how one could agree with the sentiments expressed by both coaches, yet the sentiments appear to be at odds with each other? Both coaches will be right to do what they do, but should not try to apply their thinking to the circumstances of the other. What works or what is appropriate at one level may not be at the other level.

This is where we will enter the Winning v Development Spectrum. Now remember that the two are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Rather than trying to argue Blue v Red (opposites) it’s like trying to argue Blue v Soft (different things). Just because something is blue doesn’t mean that it can’t also be soft. Winning or development are priorities. If you could only choose one; would you rather finish the season in first place, or finish the season with all of your players demonstrating significant improvements? If you do win the league, it might be that many of your players improved significantly throughout that journey. If every one of your players improves significantly, it might be that you become good enough to win the league. Would you rather it was blue or soft? You can order a blue one, and it might still be soft, or you could order a soft one that might still be blue. [Not a Brexit reference]

When trying to determine your priorities (not which side you’re on, as the two are not mutually exclusive) first ask these questions;
-          Are the players being paid?
-          What are we looking to achieve?
-          What are their motivations for being here?

If you’re a top European side competing regularly for trophies, your players will be paid excessively, they will be looking to win trophies, and they will be there for the money, success, and stature of the club. That’s why a lot of top, successful managers, such as Mourinho, have such a terrible track record for bringing through youngsters. If an U18 does come good, then they will be put in the squad, but they will not be given a chance to develop. They can develop in the reserves or out on loan somewhere. They have to hit the ground running. If they are not good enough, they won’t play. This is exactly what happens when managers are brought in to save a team from relegation. If there’s a young player in that team, they will be there on merit, not because the manager took the time to allow them some mistakes and bring them gently into the first team. At the top, if you’re not good enough, you’re not picked.

If we take a group of U6 kids playing formally for the first ever time, they will not be paid, they will be looking to learn how to play the game, and their motivations will be purely fun and enjoyment, mainly tied into the psychological and social corner. Some will be better than others. One or two may be involved in other sports, or will play in the park or at home (the ones who, as if by magic, appear “naturally talented”) and will just be a lot better than the ones who are far less active at such a young age. They should all get time on the pitch, and they should even rotate the positions too. No one is a “my son’s a goal scoring centre forward” until they are at least thirteen. When they play other teams, don’t ever judge their performance based on the score line. Youth football is stupid. When you get scores like 12-5 and 18-7, you shouldn’t be looking too much into it. At U6, some kids may have been playing since they could first walk, and some will be kicking a ball for the first time. We refer to this as “football age.” In a game of 5v5 at U6, look at the accumulative football ages of the team. There could potentially be as much as a three-year difference between some players.

I am twenty-seven. There are many other twenty-seven year olds out there. I can speak conversational Spanish. Many can’t speak a word of Spanish. This is a much easier concept to understand as we don’t view a skill like language as a natural ability, but as a skill that is honed and developed over many years. I’ve been learning Spanish for three years now. Another twenty-seven-year-old may have not learnt any at all. That puts me at a three-year advantage. Therefore, you could quite rightly expect me to be able to speak better Spanish than the twenty-seven-year-old that can’t speak Spanish. We compete at a Spanish exam, and I should win.

Football age itself is not an exact science, but more of a rough guideline. Take another twenty-seven-year-old that has also been learning Spanish for three years. Surely we should have similar test results, right? I think you know the answer to this one already. If they had better teachers, more formal learning, and dedicated more hours per week to study than I did, it’s obvious who would win. We both have a Spanish Speaking Age of three years, but in that time, my opponent has practised more and better than I have, and has thus developed further. It’s the same in football. My Spanish speaking opponent would be superior to me, and would crush me in a competition, despite us both having an age of three. In just three years, huge differences in quality of practice can become abundantly apparent. Now if you were to compare myself and my superior opponent to a native Spanish speaker of twenty-seven years old, we’d both be slaughtered by the native speaker. My opponent would be closer to the native speaker than I am, but it would be the difference between 9-0 and 10-0.

Here's where attitude comes in. Imagine if my opponent (twenty seven year old Spanish learner with three years learning), despite being better than me, had placed their worth in winning and comparison to others. They would hate the 9-0 defeat. It could literally destroy them. They may give up and stop learning Spanish. My 10-0 defeat to the native speaker is worse, but imagine if I had been taught to value improvement and perseverance? The 10-0 defeat would show me how far I need to go. Sure, I’d hate the 10-0 defeat, but I’d embrace it. It would quite clearly highlight my areas of weakness. By valuing the improvement, and having the perseverance to achieve my targets, I would get there in the end. I would make significant strides, and in another three years, would be far better than my original opponent that had only valued winning, and had given up after a tantrum following a 9-0 loss. Three years later, with the constant improvements that I will have been making, that 10-0 loss doesn’t hurt any more. That was three years ago. I’m not that same person any more. I’m much better than that now. The scars have healed and I have improved massively.

That’s precisely why we have to see it as a journey, not a destination. Winners don’t just win once. Winners win repeatedly. To win one game at U8 means nothing in the grand scheme of things. It feels great on the day, but it will be one of many insignificant results along the way. If you intend to make it to the top, you will play countless training and competitive games. You will play games at school, at recess, in the park with your friends. Winning just one of them does not make you a winner. The only time winning just once is perhaps acceptable is when a player wins a World Cup or a Champions League. This is the pinnacle of football. Very few are ever able to accomplish this. Those are wins that will stay with them forever. Even then, once isn’t enough. The hunger of these players means that they want to come back and win it next time.


What does winning actually mean? What does it tell us about the game or about the players? I’ll provide some facts about my most recent game as a coach at the time of writing. My team won 1-0. We got three points, so good, right? My team finished third in the league last season, and our opponents finished second bottom (10th out of 11). My team had 41 points and were +40 GD. Our opponents had 11 and were -28. The two games our teams played last season were both wins to my team, at 6-0 and 3-0. Given that context, our 1-0 win doesn’t seem so impressive now.

Considering my team slaughtered the opposition twice last season, we should have slaughtered them again this season. They only won three games out of eighteen played. Surely they are useless, right? Now some more facts. The opposition had strengthened significantly during the summer. My team is littered with problems. In fact, I am new to this team, with this game being only my second game with them. I don’t know what’s happened, but they are a shadow of their former selves from last season, and it is my job to get them back on track. We’ve had a mass exodus of coaches and players. For this game we had a back four of two midfielders, and our second choice keeper. We also had no subs, with some key players missing, while our opponents had a very strong eleven, and a bench of five. Before the game, we were fifth in the table, and they were fourth, one point above us. The previous meeting for the first game of the season finished 2-2 away from home. Now our 1-0 win actually seems impressive.

See, from something grand like a win, we realise that it tells us very little. Football is a game of intricacies and chance. It just so happens that we got a goal and they didn’t. What I haven’t told you is how, or why. Was it a smash and grab 1-0 against the odds, or did we have 80% possession, twenty shots on target, and yet only managed to score one goal? We won the game, but does that mean that all of my players were brilliant? Does it mean in any way that any of my players were good, and that we fully deserved the win? Was the win down to tactics or individual skill? Was it fortune or perseverance?

The winning goal came in the 85th minute. The opposition were attacking down their left side. The fresh-legged substitute was running down the wing at our defence. She cut inside onto her right, her stronger foot, as she approached the box. Two players went diving in and bought the fake. She was through. Two more players rushed back to get in her way, as she faked again, and they bought it. She was through on goal, just the keeper to beat, fifteen yards out, certain to score. At that moment, our left back, who had initially been beaten after diving in, had come flying in to the block the shot. She blocked it successfully. Had she stayed on the ground for a second longer in despair, she would not have got up in time to block the shot. Had she not have been a former player of our opponents, she may not have had the determination to get up and attempt a block. Had the striker chosen to shoot to the other side of the keeper, then the block never would have happened.

Luckily for us, the block was a solid one. The ball pinged out off her knee about thirty yards away to our centre midfielder. Like a precision pass. She was not expecting the ball to come to her from that situation, but was in a good enough position to start running at the defence with speed (think Torres v Barcelona). She carried the ball all the way up to the edge of the box, before sliding our striker through on goal, who coolly finished one-on-one against the keeper.

Now you know about the goal, is that enough information to determine whether we deserved to win the game? Were we just lucky? Did we deserve to win it due to the perseverance of our recovering defender? Did we deserve to win it due to the opposition striker making the wrong decision at the key moment? Or did we deserve to win the game because we kept a clean sheet despite all the absences and injuries against a very strong team? You still don’t know our possession stats, interceptions, chances created, shots on target etc. That’s the difference. Those are the parameters one might choose to measure performance, whereas goals are the only parameters available to measure winning.
My view on the day considered many things. These are young players playing in a reserve league. They have ambitions to make it into our first team that play in the third tier of ladies football. It’s a decent stage to be playing at. With all the players and coaches leaving, this side have been greatly under performing, and making many basic mistakes that need eradicating. We have new players and new coaches. Everyone needs time. Even though I know the opposition fairly well, I’m not working with them, so can’t change what they do on the pitch. My sessions and team talks can only affect my team. I was thinking about what we’d been working on in training recently, and our weak areas from previous games. I wanted them to move the ball quicker out of congested central areas, with the right and left back providing better width, to always be available for the switch. I wanted them to recycle the ball better when playing forward was not an option, rather than turning and wasting a pass. These, and a few others, are how I was going to measure the success or failure of the game. Essentially; are they doing the thing that I have asked them to do?

If I had instructed them to win the game, it may or may not have happened, just like if I had instructed them to make certain passing choices. If we had played the exact same 85 minutes, but the striker shot to the other side of the keeper, or our defender had not recovered, or our own striker had missed from close range, meaning we either drew or lost, should that have affected how I viewed my team’s performance? Performance and results are closely linked, but it’s not an absolute. Congratulations we won! Or commiserations we lost! It doesn’t really teach the players much. One goal is such a small event that has such large ramifications, and is often uncontrollable.
An 11v11 ninety-minute game with no substitutes means that each player has a 4.5% stake in the overall result. It could be that one player suddenly pulls off a sublime bit of skill, or makes a horrendous mistake, and that could be the moment that changes the game. In an average game of football, there is usually just two goals scored. We’re looking at 1-0, 1-1, 0-0, 2-0, 2-1, and 2-2 as our most likely score lines. At any time in those ninety minutes, a goal can be scored, by any player, in a whole variety of ways.

Think of it like this. I have been driving for ten years. I’ve driven over 100,000 miles across ten different countries, on three continents. At the moment I’m doing about three or four hundred miles a week. Sometimes late at night when I’m tired. In all those hours of driving, I’ve been involved in one minor collision, which was completely the fault of the other driver (anyone who has seen the buses in Mexico City will understand). Does ten years with a perfect record make me a good driver? It goes some way to suggesting so. Does that mean that I won’t run three kids over tomorrow while looking at my phone? Does it mean I might not spot black ice and go skidding out of control? Of course not. It’s highly unlikely that I will be involved in a crash, just like it’s highly unlikely that in any given moment of football that a goal will be scored. There are 90 minutes, which means 5,400 seconds of play (we’re being crude with numbers here, as the ball does spend considerable amount of time off the field). If there are two goals in the game, that means that there are 5,398 seconds of a match where the ball is not crossing the goal line. If you were told that the game would last exactly 5,400 seconds and precisely two goals were going to be scored, that gives you a 1/2699 chance of accurately predicting the second that the ball would cross the line. That’s a 0.004% (roughly) chance of getting it right.

Sure, we can make it a little more predictable by knowing more goals are scored at certain times in the game, and that certain teams speed up or slow down, some players are more influential and likely to score, and some players are more prone to mistakes. Absolutely, yes, but we shan’t be factoring this in at the moment for risk of over complicating the point.

How do you define success? In Spanish, it could be that the recipient understands my point. Or maybe that’s not good enough, as I want it to be perfect. In driving, it could be that I don’t die on my way home. Or maybe that I get to my destination a little quicker than normal. What determines how I define success? That’s a question that opens a large can of worms, and goes off onto many tangents. The point is that to win or lose is very difficult to predict, and that it is a terrible way of measuring development. When looking at measuring performance, winning or losing is just way too vague.

Is Usain Bolt happy with just winning the gold, or does he want to smash his personal best? What if he smashes his personal best but comes second? What about beating his opponents by a long distance but falling way short of the world record? It’s like when a Premier League team only defeats a lower league team by one or two goals in the cup; what should we expect? They crossed the line first, they won! Is that not good enough? At what point are you happy with the result or performance?


For a team to truly appreciate their wins, they have to know what their wins are. What constitutes as success for a certain team? A team newly promoted into the division will consider avoiding relegation as a success. A team that spent millions on new players and has a history of competing for the title will consider finishing second as a failure. Is a 0-0 draw away at first place a good result or a bad result? The striker might not be pleased as they were unable to score, but the defence would be ecstatic as they would have done their job right. Another thing to worry about is perhaps false league position. At the time of writing, Arsenal have only played one league match away at a top half opponent, meaning their fixtures are going to become more difficult. It’s why you must absolutely define what is something to be celebrated and what is something to be embarrassed by.

For kids, when games can finish with stupid scores, and aggressive coaches and parents that bark orders from the sidelines place large amounts of pressure upon their younglings, it can be very confusing and overwhelming. If a U8 team has three players missing at a birthday party, they could ship ten goals in one game. If the goalkeeper stayed up all night at a sleepover and can’t focus the next day, it could negatively impact their performance. If the striker has had an argument with a family member, they may be distracted, and thus failing to score. Kids football is so random. Can a player be happy with their own performance when their team lost? I’d say yes, but to which extent depends on the level. A U7 that scores five goals while their team loses 8-5 can probably still be very happy with themselves, but at the same time should understand that it is a team game, and we shouldn’t be okay with losing. There are no absolutes. It’s all about perspective. I’ve seen teams get smashed significantly, and yet the keeper on the losing side has been the best player. “Without you son, it could have been double!” is often a legitimate claim.

Why in some locations do they have walkover rules, don’t keep score, don’t keep league tables etc.? Isn’t that teaching our kids to be a bunch of whining pussies? Where there is an argument for teaching six year olds to go for the kill and mentally destroy their opponents, that’s not my angle. There’s absolutely nothing wrong with keeping score and having league tables at a young age. If you don’t want your kids to know the score, you shouldn’t teach them to count. Such measures have been brought in to protect the young players from the pressures of the parents. It’s the typical US soccer mom. The one who doesn’t have a clue about the game, but wishes to be seen in a positive light by all the other parents (because other people’s opinions of us are super important). YEAH JIMMY!!!!! WOOOOOOO!!!! YOU KICK THAT BALL!!!! You know the type. We get them in the UK too, but are usually middle aged men with a lot of pent up resentment who are pushing their kids to go pro.

Let it be known straight away; it is completely irresponsible of a parent to not push their kids at a young age. Hear me out. At the ages of about two or three (younger, actually) kids will start to really develop mental skills and understanding of the world around them, as well as their balance and motor skills. At that age, all they want to do is shove crayons up their nose and defecate in the garden. No kid of two says “When I grow up, I want to be [insert a realistic and pragmatic career option]”. If they even know that they one day will grow up, they literally want to be anything from a chocolate chip cookie to the colour yellow. They won’t know that they are at an age where they need to start developing social, mental, and motor skills. Push them. Push them into something. Swimming, gymnastics, bicycling, something. You will notice the difference by the time they are seven. At that age, when they actually want to join teams and play with their friends, some will already be able to do that. Others will not, and will forever be disadvantaged by not getting that early start. It’s very difficult to recover from that.

Pushing them at the age of three to join a soccertots class and making sure they see out the term is a very different kind of pushing them to what we see on the sidelines of kids football. The latter type of pushing is screaming, berating, and downright aggression that can cause embarrassment. Push them by making them get up in the morning. Push them by making sure they have a good breakfast. Push them by ensuring they shake the hands of their coaches and play the game fairly. That’s when your responsibilities as parents to push them stop. At that point, you sit back and watch the game. Encourage, applaud, console. Leave the instructions, the criticism, and the praise to the coaches. After the game, don’t talk to them about it unless they bring it up. And then, you’re only job is to ask if they had fun, did they learn anything, and to tell them that you love spending time with them.
Sadly, not everyone can be so calm and rational. “I’m sorry, I just get that way around sports.” Well don’t be that way. You’re the one in control of your actions. If you seriously can’t help yourself from becoming red faced and irate at a youth sports event, you should drop them off, and then leave to go to therapy. Seriously. You are a deeply flawed human that is having a massively negative impact upon your child. You are the reason that walkover rules and the ban on publishing results have come into effect.

 “My lad fuckin’ smashed it at the weekend! Slaughtered the other lot 15-0!” This kind of statement is often said by proud dads in pubs and workplaces all across the country. Just like my 1-0 win, it tells you nothing about the game. It tells you nothing about the kid. And playing a game so easy that you win 15-0 benefits nobody. It’s embarrassing. This is why league tables with promotion and relegation are necessary, even at a young age. If you’re bad, and you only ever play great teams, you won’t be able to cope. It needs to be challenging. 15-0 is not a challenge to either side. Likewise, if you’re winning by those score lines every week, you need to play against teams that can actually get the ball off you. The challenge needs to be relevant. Imagine training to run 5k, having never ran such an event before. You’re not that fit. Being able to get your time under thirty minutes seems possible with a bit of practise. Being asked to get it to fifteen minutes on just your first try is near impossible. Kids, just like adults, won’t play impossible games for long. That’s why carnivals and fairgrounds can only dream of the success of the gaming industry. The former are rigged, while the latter raise the bar just a little bit each time.

The walkover rule prevents embarrassment. Should you be embarrassed if you lose? Again, it’s about perspective. If my friends and I formed a team and we played Barcelona, if it was 20-0, we would not find that embarrassing at all. However, if we lost by that score to another pub side, we’d probably never play the game again. Because the game would end at 8-0, it stops the overly keen youth coaches from destroying the confidence of their opponents. What’s good about that? It means kids don’t quit playing. Does it matter if they’re awful? Yes, they could be late developers. They also provide opponents. Imagine if every team Barcelona or Real Madrid thought were bad just quit the league. That would leave them with only three or four teams to play. That would not benefit anyone.
Promote and relegate, even at young ages, to keep the teams playing against teams of their level. I’d suggest even playing four or six month seasons so that it happens sooner. A year is a long time for a child. If they’re in the wrong league, they have to wait twelve months until they can play games against more appropriate opponents. It also keeps things fresh and adds to the competitiveness.
Also, do away with playoffs for the kids. I know they’re fun, but they place too much emphasis on the short term rather than the long term. In life, rewards come from consistency. Consistently do a good job, consistently achieve good grades, consistently play well. A team may be seeded in the playoffs, but as we know that football is a random game, anyone can beat anyone in a one off. Where’s the reward in that? Play cup competitions in addition to the league. Have summer tournaments. Knockout competitions can teach valuable life lessons and are an important part of football, but do not have playoffs in place of a league. Reward the team that has been the best for the longest period of time, not just the team that enters a run of form during the last few weeks, despite being average all season.


The idea that the long haul doesn’t matter is an opinion often expressed (sometimes verbally, often through choices and actions) by players and parents alike. “I only go at about 70% in training because I’m saving my best for the game at the weekend.” Ever heard something like that before? It is the anthem of the mediocre. The war cry of the perpetually average. Remember how you need to give your best at every opportunity? Remember how you need to munch your cornflakes and down your orange juice like a champion? Winning takes time, effort, consistent practise. You don’t just win once. For these people, it is far too late. You get good at what you do in practise. Spend your time talking; you’ll be a good talker. Spend your time walking; you’ll be a good walker. Spend your time pulling out of challenges; you’ll be good at not being able to tackle anyone. You can’t improve your best if you never work at your best. That’s why theatre groups spend months practising. That’s why dress rehearsals are exactly like the real thing. They don’t go over their lines and think that’s enough. “We’ll be alright on the night. I can remember most of it.” They practise until they can’t get it wrong.
What makes football different to performing on stage is that it is completely random, and anyone can affect it at any moment. A band plays the same songs in the same order. They are not competing with anyone else. There’s no band that can take the instruments away from them while they are playing. It’ a well-rehearsed, carbon copy performance. Football has so much randomness. Players need to be able to adapt to all sorts of new scenarios, considering a plethora of live information, using a range of learnt skills and abilities, with decisions being influenced by past successes and failures. The speed of thought has to become instinctive. That does not happen at 70%. Would Muhammad Ali box with a punching bag at 70% and think he was ready for a heavyweight title fight? Would Bradley Wiggins bike around the track at 70% and think he was ready for the Olympics?

Going at 100% all the time almost makes it seem like the developmental aspect is not important. That’s just not true. Practising at 100% actually makes it realistic. If it’s not realistic, players do not develop. Conversely, practising at less than 100% makes players susceptible to picking up bad habits. It leaves players underprepared. It’s not about winning; it’s about trying your best to win. It’s not about winning; it’s about preparing to win.

The complexities of maintaining possession.

This is what gives players that winning mentality. They’re intrinsically motivated. They’re task orientated. They have long term vision, but focus on the minute details of the short term. They do not fear set-backs and failures, yet embrace them, and convert that pain into fuel. It’s hard to create a winning mentality in a world that thrives off of the instant gratification of modern life. If you have good news, you don’t need to wait to see your family and friends, it just goes right on Facebook! “Look everybody! I have a kid/dog/meal/best friend/diploma/pay cheque/excellent selfie/destructive cleavage/nice message/rainbow/” or whatever else it may be that people use to fish for compliments. No longer do we have to wait until we see our extended family to let them know about our new girlfriend, engagement, or vacation. No longer do we have to wait until the next big family gathering to let them know about the wonderful new job or the graduation. We love those moments, but they’re always over too soon. So now, enjoy my holiday photos, spread out over the next few weeks, so you can spend extra special time and attention admiring the selfie I took, then comment with some fake response that conveys jealousy and affection. Just look at any girl’s Instagram account to see what I mean. Girl goes somewhere (doesn’t matter where, it could be a world famous landmark, or it could be the McDonald’s drive-thru), takes a selfie, usually with a forced smile or duck face, always from an angle that is slightly above the forehead, often with some serious cleave on display (there’s a strong inch-to-like correlation), and as a rule, the face has to be at least 30% of the picture. Sometimes as much as 60%.

Do we have a winning mentality or do we have a dopamine addiction? Every like is a shot of dopamine. That’s why we communicate via memes. We have nothing interesting to say, but know some friends we never see will find the meme amusing, and give it a like. Instant gratification via a dopamine shot, and we forget about everything that’s plaguing us. My longest meme benders have been when I’ve been at my most busy. The work is boring and stressful, the deadlines are approaching, there’s too much on my plate, and I now I have a choice between staying up late and getting it finished, or waking up early to get it finished. All of a sudden, I’m on Facebook, hitting share to forward on a Hank Hill meme. I’ve never even used propane. Twenty minutes go by, and some kid from Canada I haven’t seen for three years gives it a like. Yay dopamine. But in that time I would have also shared ten other memes, and a satirical article about how Donald Trump locks himself in a room so that he can write Twitter updates, fireside, dipping a feather into ink. I feel like I’ve changed the world because three friends also read it and gave it a like. High fives all round for sticking it to the establishment.

Long term joy and fulfilment comes from doing your best and feeling valued. To be able to have that opportunity every day, we need to be working in something that we truly believe in. That’s the key difference between a job and a career. Your career defines you. Your job is just something you do for cash. Don’t get stuck in a job. Short term suffering for long term gain. I (and my parents) have spent a lot of time, effort, and money on my education. I may be essentially friendless, lacking social skills, and be devoid of empathy, but I have built myself a platform from which I can build upon and spring forward. No one can ever take away my knowledge, experiences, and qualifications gained from all this.

It's a temptation of many in their early twenties to live for the weekend. They’ll take any job because it gives them money. With a bit of hard work, they start to move quickly in that business. Soon, they’re working good hours, making a fair bit of money. They love going clubbing on Fridays, stay in late Saturday morning, hit the bookies, watch the football, go out to the pub with their mates, play football Sunday morning, then round to their parents on Sunday afternoon for a roast dinner. They are very active socially. They are accepted by the lads, meet plenty of birds, and due to their shagging, drinking, and football, they do accumulate a large amount of banter points by the end of each month. Kudos. But what are they building towards? The job soon becomes dead end. The drinking and late nights soon become boring, frustrating, and take all your cash. Eventually one of those birds latches on and makes herself a missus, and she wants kids and a place to live. What about Sunday morning football and the nights out? Hard to do in your late twenties and early thirties when you have bills, kids, and a wife. The fun quickly dies out. That lifestyle rarely lasts. That’s when people realise they are going through the motions. They’ve not been anywhere and not become anything. That’s when depression hits, and the existential crisis happens.

Who am I? What have I become? What could I have been? You’re certainly not a winner, though it looked like you were having great fun in your early twenties. Is this now it for the rest of your life?
We owe it to our kids to give them the tools to compete, to fight, to improve, to self-reflect, and to stay grounded. We won’t always be there for them. We can’t do everything for them. Push them, challenge them, guide them, support them, extend them, criticise them, love them, and give them a purpose. Or else they’ll turn out useless and miserable, eternally seeking temporary and artificial highs until death.

Do your kids know how to fend for themselves? Do they know how to be happy? What kind of person would they become if you were tragically removed from their life this instant? We need to be honest with ourselves if we wish to avoid the above trap. It’s okay if they are driven or obsessed. Help them find a passion and a sense of purpose, even if it’s not yours, and help them grow into the best that they can be.
Developing players using the four corner model.


What we must never do is to live vicariously through them. It’s their life. As mentioned before, push them into something. Make sure they give it their best go. Many quit because they are not used to being outside the comfort zone. If that’s the case, keep pushing them to try, and help them adjust. If they want to quit for genuine reasons, help them find something else that will help them burn off their energy, develop social skills, learn coping mechanisms, face competition, strive to improve, teach them life skills, learn motor skills etc. And never motivate them through fear and reward. If they truly grow to love what they do, it will be their choice. They will be the ones that have the ownership, and that’s when true enjoyment appears. When I used to go out into my back garden as a kid and practise my shots and free-kicks, it’s because I loved doing that. I wasn’t thinking about being a professional or earning money from kicking a ball. I loved the feeling of seeing that ball rocket into the top corner of the net. From a very young age, that repetitive practice helped me develop a cannon of a right foot. It’s still a cannon now, even if the rest of me is no good. That’s task orientation right there. I was focussed only on putting that ball into the goal. Sometimes driven, lobbed, chipped, curled, swerved, floated, and through the panes of next door’s greenhouse, but it was a constant development of a skill that became useful to me. My parents didn’t need to shout at me to do it. I didn’t need to set reminders on my phone. I just went out there and did it. I loved it.

The biggest indicator for me of which kids will improve the most is by looking at what they do before and after practice. Sometimes, due to the restrictions of area and time, it’s not possible. Out of my boys in Mexico, the ones that got better were the ones who over the eighteen months, showed up early with a ball, and stayed late with a ball. It doesn’t matter if they came to me as the best or the worst player, the ones who did extra got better quicker. If they arrived early by fifteen minutes twice a week, that was half an hour per week. If we trained for forty weeks of the year, that adds up to twenty extra hours of football. Completely free. If they stayed behind for an hour, that makes forty extra hours per year. We’re already looking at sixty hours more than their teammates. That’s a considerable amount. These boys would also play with their older or younger brothers, and their dads. They would make up their own rules, govern their own games, invent their own challenges. I could show them a few things in training, and maybe plant an idea in their head, but that’s not where they learnt to be better players. They did that themselves. They developed a love of the ball. Or better yet, they were allowed to develop a love of the ball.

Other kids weren’t so fortunate. The mums didn’t mind. It was always warm, and they’d stay behind to chat. The kids were in a protected area, having the time of their lives, with only a hint of supervision. Other boys would arrive on time, or late, and would be taken to the car the second training finished. They weren’t allowed the opportunity to bond or to socialise. They didn’t associate positive memories and experiences with the ball. They were not given the opportunity to fall in love with the ball. They couldn’t do any of the skills in training because they never had free play at home or in the park. They were useless in the games because the other players on my team and the opposition were becoming so much better than them. They did not hang out with their friends after training.

One boy improved a hell of a lot in that time. I remember his mum crying when he scored his first goal and all the other boys jumped on him. He was a year younger than the rest. But for eighteen months he had good attendance, showed up early, stayed late, played against older kids, joined in games of headers and volleys, knockout Wembley, 3v3, penalties etc. He started to become a decent player, after being one of the weakest. Being a year younger than the team, his football age was also a year younger (years of experience). He was always swimming in the deep end. Figuratively lifting heavier weights than he should have. It taught him to cope. It will teach him to excel. His parents noticed his improvement. I made sure they knew it was nothing to do with me. He would often arrive early and stay late. It helped that their house was pretty much the other side of the hill to our club, and so was a two-minute drive. Still, we had others in a similar situation that did not use that opportunity.

In the Winning v Development argument, remember that we used to be beaten most weeks, and he was initially considered a weaker player. His win was to score his first goal. His win was constant improvement. His win was to finally be passed to by the better players. His win was to be invited to play by the older kids. His win was making his parents proud. Do you think he was aware of any of that? Absolutely not. He was six. He just loved the ball and loved spending time with his friends. We lost most of our games, and at three attempts only once did we make the playoffs, yet he improved so much as a player. That’s the win I’m looking for.

Champions do extra.


Each one of those wins mentioned above is a little win. Consistent, small, but impactful, like a chain reaction. There are little wins all around us. Every pass, tackle, shot, block, header, interception etc. can all be little wins. Outside of the game, every good sleep, healthy meal, good practice, good rest, extra training, jumpers for goalposts game with your friends, these are all little wins. Think of it as money in the bank. As an investment. Every time you play a game, each little win buys more raffle tickets. The more raffle tickets, the more likely you are to win the game. We all know it’s possible to play well and lose, or to be an outstanding player on a bad team. Still, the game experience is money in the bank. As is every training session, fitness session, game watched, and all the little details from there that affect growth physically, socially, psychologically, and technically. Has watching the analysis on Sky helped the player understand Conte’s formation at Chelsea? Has the strange exercise in training helped the player to understand how to work better with teammates? Has the humiliating loss at the weekend helped the player understand how to self-reflect and not blame others? All little wins. All money in the bank. Explain it to kids like XP points in video games, helping their characters to level up.

In these little wins, we find what are called non-events, which is a neglected part of the game. The best way to explain a non-event is in regards to defending. Players do things all the time that affect the game, that goes largely unnoticed. It is, in many ways, unquantifiable. The striker makes a run to receive the ball from the midfielder, but is tracked and marked by the central defender. This means that the striker does not receive the ball, and instead, the midfielder has to play the ball backwards, and thus does not penetrate the defence. It’s a non-event, as the forward pass never happened. Had the defender not been switched on, he would have failed to mark the striker, who could have received the ball in a dangerous position. That never happened. That’s a thing that we can’t write down. If the defender had made a tackle, block, or interception, then we could notice this and provide a stat. We can’t do that for things like screen, mark, cover, or in the attacking sense, overlaps, checked runs, decoy runs, and all such actions that create space for others or distract the opposition, but do not result in the player themselves actually receiving the ball.

It's why defenders are largely underappreciated. In life, realistically, how many sheep do you need to have sex with to earn the label “sheep shagger”? Just one. You only need to shag one sheep to be known as a sheep shagger. A striker can do very little all game, and out of nowhere, score the winning goal. Defenders need to be organised, disciplined, and attentive all game. Just one mistake can lead to that goal. Think of Man City. Kompany (when he’s not injured) will run, head, intercept, mark, tackle, block, cover, track etc. all game. Sterling at the other end will take one too many touches before getting tackled, underhit a cross, try to take on too many players, will shoot when he should have passed, will be easily brushed off the ball, won’t track back, and will choose the wrong foot. Sterling just needs to get it right once to be the hero. Kompany just needs to get it wrong once to be the villain.

Like non-events, development is unquantifiable. We’re not talking in terms of the NFL Combine. If you measure, weigh, and test a footballer, it tells you very little about them as a footballer. In gridiron football, speed, strength, and arm length gain more importance because those are the only things those players rely on. Only the quarterback makes decisions, while the rest run, catch, or block for the next seven seconds until the game stops. It’s all pre-determined, and pretty much restarts in the same way. There’s less of a random element, and less individuality within the sport. In football, so what if you can bench press a large amount or run 100m quickly? How do you play in a back three? Can you spray passes? Can you anticipate crosses? Can you play as an inverted winger? Can you drop deep and receive on the half turn? It’s decision making. This also goes some way to explaining why we’re behind a lot of sports when it comes to sports science, as the physicality is not the deciding factor in the game, it’s the intelligence. It’s a game that requires the mastery of so many different techniques. Is there any part of it that is measurable?

We try. We do shooting tests, skill tests, juggling tests, turning tests, and a whole range of tests. In a lot of ways, it’s an attempt to look busy. To pretend we know what we’re doing. Yeah, sure, there is a link between these skills and top level performance, but it’s about being able to do it in the heat of a game. It’s why John Farnworth and Sean Garnier aren’t professionals. When isolated, just themselves with the ball, they look as magical as Ronaldinho. They certainly possess a very high level of skill. But it’s not just skill, is it? Ronaldinho could do it in games. Ronaldinho could do it with other players trying to get the ball off him. Ronaldinho could do it on the grand stage. So we do struggle to quantify it.

What about in game stats? They do go some way to helping us understand performance. Individual stats like pass completion, shots on target, successful dribbles, interceptions etc. do help us understand some elements of a performance. It is limited though, and must come with context. If we compare the stats to the previous game, we’re already very unscientific. Different teams, different abilities, different playing styles, different weather, different surface, different time of day, among others. Too many variables have changed from one game to the next. It’s like scoring a hat-trick at home to Swansea in a 5-0 win, and forcing two incredible saves from David DeGea in a 1-1 draw away to Manchester United. The stats would be very different, but surely there’s credibility in both, depending upon what we’re looking for.

With longevity we can gather a larger range of information which can help us examine, scrutinise, and compare situations. For example, Peter Crouch’s England record. He’s scored a lot of goals, but many of them were against inferior teams in qualifiers and friendlies. We have enough evidence to suggest he’s prolific against mediocre opponents, but it’s still just a suggestion. His club record may be better at certain clubs, which could be due to playing with better players, or even just knowing his teammates better. Even with all the stats and comparisons available, we still rely so much on guess work. What do we value as harder to do? What do we define as more important? What’s more challenging? It’s why we cannot scientifically prove Messi or Ronaldo is superior. Ronaldo may have won in two different leagues, but Messi has more league titles when they have played in the same league. Ronaldo may have won an international competition, but Messi has taken Argentina to four finals compared to Portugal’s one. They’ve both broken goal scoring records, became highly capped, and are legends for club and country. So who you favour depends on what you value. For me, Ronaldo is a... A bit like Bono. Bono does such wonderful work for the poor and underprivileged people of the world, but he’s so smug about everything that he turns us off him. Ronaldo poses as if to bask in our appreciation, lifting his shorts up so we can admire his thighs. Amazing player, just comes across as a knob.

Parents value winning with kids because for a lot of them, it’s the only way they know how to measure what is good or bad. We won = good. We lost = bad. That comes without context, and without a greater understanding for the game.

So I ask you, would you rather your kid was part of a team that won all the time, but was a bench player, and clearly one of the weakest in the team, falling yet further behind those getting most of the playing time? They’d still get all the trophies and appreciation (just like sub goalkeepers). Or how about being a decent player in an average team, that plays a lot of games, wins occasionally, loses more often, and is showing great signs of improvement as an individual?

Would you rather they picked up loads of plastic grassroots trophies, or became intelligent, skillful players?

Would you rather they won all the time, or learnt humility, kindness, compassion, and respect?

Now, these are not mutually exclusive. It’s possible to have both or neither. I just want to know where your preference lies. That’s how you ascertain your values. That’s what shapes your child’s development.


Sunday, 1 January 2017

The CEO of Youth Development: The Secret Is There Is No Secret

Coaching, environment, opportunity.

It's actually that simple. Now by no means is the process of achieving world titles and creating high performers simple, as it takes years and years of getting everything right, and even then, someone can still be better than you. Everything it takes can be easily placed into CEO.

This dawned on me last week while vacationing in the south of Spain. We took a day trip to Morocco and went to Gibraltar too for good measure, and it was on these journeys, while burning my arms and watching my girlfriend be head raped by monkeys, that it suddenly all made sense. This won't for a second help anyone improve their footballing or coaching ability. I am merely seeking to be able to explain the process in simple, yet all-encompassing terms. At the time I was reading The Talent Code, and listening to another book called Legacy, about the New Zealand All Blacks. My mind began racing, and I had to share these thoughts.

These three components are intertwined, have a lot of overlap, and are necessary almost in sequence. Without one, it all falls down. Without the one before, the next one cannot happen. I've already explained how the coaching is largely irrelevant. You just need a decent coach, whereas a terrible coach can completely destroy everything. One that is good enough to teach and to inspire. There are plenty like that without being amazing coaches. For the environment, we need one that is conducive to learning, to playing, and to competition. I talk frequently about sewing seeds. We put the seeds in the ground, but if it is bad soil, they won't grow. If there is no rain, they won't grow. If there is no sun, they won't grow. The seed could be a top notch seed, the Beez Neez of seeds, but without those necessary ingredients, it will not blossom. The gardener would represent the coach, who if they forgot to water the seed and give it attention, could destroy its potential. Likewise, if they do give it water and attention, it probably won't matter anyway as the environment is awful. Then there's the opportunity. I'm not a botanist, so I'm not going to pretend to know what opportunities plants desire and what they aspire to be, but let's say that if a plant doesn't see other plants achieving success and becoming the best plant it can be, it may lose that ambition, that confidence, and decide to do something academic instead.

Then we come to the opportunity. Let's make a male-female comparison. I love those. Girls get worse coaches than men (less money, worse quality, and a pinch of downright sexism). Girls play in a world that tells them they shouldn't be playing. Girls have less teams, and only a small handful of players can make a living out of playing the game. Their coaching is worse, their environment is discouraging, and their opportunities are severely limited. And yet people are still mocking talented female players for not being good enough. It's a miracle they're still going considering all the challenges they've had to overcome.

Now I shall seek to draw on my vast experiences of coaching all over this planet in order to explain the CEO of Youth Development.

Coaching

The quality of a coach can make or break a player from a very young age. At this stage it could be a parent, or a teacher, an older sibling, or even a qualified coach. Football is a sport that requires the player to learn and master a high number of skills. By certain ages, as the body grows and changes, it becomes true that if you haven't done it by now, you never will do. It comes down to muscle memory, neural pathways, and how much myelin one can create to embed and make the skills permanent. A game like chess could be mastered much later in life, providing one already has some level of intelligence. A sport like cycling can be mastered later in life providing the rider already has a high level of stamina and endurance, thus possessing a big engine, as the physical techniques used in cycling are limited and repetitive. Football takes a lot of agility, balance, and coordination, together with strength, timing, awareness, and everything else required to make thousands of decisions, while eliciting thousands of different techniques, in an ever changing environment, that can be hard to predict. It requires a high degree of specialisation, compared to say, javelin, running, or handball. Not that these aren't difficult sports, but due to the lower technical demands, one could feasibly become good at these later in life. It's like in gymnastics. For girls, their window of opportunity is between thirteen and sixteen years old. In order to achieve their ten thousand hours, they would have had to have started very young.

And let's get rid of the "ten thousand hours is a myth" stuff. It never claimed to be scientific in the first place. My impression was that it was a rough ball park figure, that would change dependent upon the sport, the athlete, and several other circumstances. Truth is though, you need to be practising a hell of a lot in order to be brilliant at your game. A better coach or environment may get you there quicker than ten thousand, but does that mean you should stop there? Brazilian football kids achieve their ten thousand hours around thirteen, whereas in England it's not until eighteen. By this point, the English kids have already been playing academy football for a number of years. It's entirely possible, and probably true that most Brazilian thirteen year olds possess as good technical skill as English eighteen year olds. Practice, practice, practice. There has never been a champion that hasn't impressed me with their training schedule. It's never a little here and a little there, it's loads. More than you would think possible. More than you would think sane. They did it more. They worked harder. Sure, that's not the only thing that counts though.

If you're never shown how, how will you know? I find it sad when kids tell me I'm the best coach they've ever had. The flattery dissipates after a second when you realise how disappointing that is. I have many colleagues, past and present, that are far better than me. Many of these times were even when I had done a basic job. Camp for a week, playing simple FA Level 1 games. Is it really that bad? Well, for some of them, it is. When I lived in Canada, it's got to be said, some of the coaching was horrendous. Many of them didn't know coaching, and many of them didn't know football. Even if you could adequately communicate with teenagers, what's the point if you don't even know what you're doing? These kids were going nowhere, and yet very few people could see it. They're being taught the wrong things, they're being taught nothing, they're being taught bad habits. Many thought that asking a high school kid to do seven keep-ups was overly ambitious. When we tried teaching advanced stuff to the kids, all the adults shat bricks. I could have made myself a nice house up in the Rockies. Because these parents and coaches had never seen it before, they didn't know it was possible, and they didn't know that pretty much every other eight year old on the planet could do it. A moment of silence please, for what that does to a young player's ambitions.

The instructions these Canadians received were; hustle, kick it out, and boot it. That sounds more like the primitive commands one would associate with the old sport of Village Football. Even your better kids were still braindead when it came to football. The centre forward would receive the ball on the halfway line, back to goal, with no teammates in advance, and would turn and boot it forward. The parents thought it was great as the ball had gained territory, but that means absolutely nothing if there's no one there to either receive it or pressure it. How could anyone survive in this scenario? Any shred of footballing intelligence was being crushed, and all the skills and techniques that should have been learned by certain stages were not even known about. You don't need great coaches to affect young players positively, you just need to avoid idiots.

The notion is true though. How many young players had a Pep or a Mourinho when they were playing grassroots or at the academy? They would have first had a volunteer coach, maybe a parent, with a basic qualification, that loved the game, interacted well with kids, and knew a bit about football. That's enough. That builds a curiosity. That builds a bond with the ball. Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. Someone somewhere would have ignited that fire within them. They would have learnt basic skills, probably done laps, line drills, and listened to too many lectures, but that wouldn't have mattered, as the better coaching was still to come. What's really important at the early stages is not actually the training, but the playing. It's in the back gardens, in the parks, on the streets, and in the school playgrounds. Where kids learn for fun, experience trial and error thousands of times, make their own rules, playing for the sheer enjoyment of the game. Here, they are being challenged, and are receiving relevant, competitive practice, without even realising it. The guidance of a coach can help grow and improve. We all need feedback, to stop, to start, and to continue parts of our game. What we don't need is an inhibitor. A negative influence that prevents us from growing.

The Brazilian coaches interviewed in Gold Mines claim to be no better than the coaches from anywhere else. They make the point that the work is done on the streets. Brazilian boys are playing for countless hours every day, in small spaces, with hard balls, against other highly motivated, highly skilled players. Through trial and error, these boys had already learned and developed so much of their game, reaching their ten thousand hours in their early teens. Essentially the coaches just need to pick the best ones, keep them fit, and show them some tactics. I'm good enough to do that... you see? It echoes much of what I have heard on the FA's Youth Module courses. I don't think that these tutors are blowing their own trumpets here, as the ones I've talked to seem genuinely into their football and their coaching. They say that on trips to Spain, the Spanish coaches are telling them that England is producing some of the best coaches in the world. Our coaching education is lightyears in front of many of the top footballing nations. We go into so much depth nowadays about the theory and philosophies of coaching, that our football coaches know more about child development than our teachers. Where it goes wrong is in the environment and the opportunity. (Just to point out here, I mean best coaches in terms of ability to teach, coach, instruct, and develop. What I don't mean is the most knowledgeable. We're still relatively tactically inept.)

That's not for a second to suggest that shouting and screaming touchline prowlers aren't harming the English grassroots game. They are. It's 2016 and they should be ashamed of themselves. These are the people that extinguish the flame of interest, excitement, and personal development within the children. These people are the last stubborn skidmark of an outdated era that needs to be long forgotten.

"But there are coaches out there that have produced great players. Cristiano Ronaldo had a coach. Pele had a coach." Yes, you're right. So why do you think these coaches aren't now world famous, winning trophies at top clubs in Europe? Because they were only decent coaches (good enough to teach basic skills and light fires) and just happened to be one fortunate cog in the wheel. Why do I say fortunate? Because you can't often determine who you will inherit in your team, how good the kids will be when they come to you, and what it is they do in their spare time. Messi will rightfully thank his coaches, and they no doubt played a part, but thousands of other coaches in the same situation would also have produced Messi. Those coaches in Canada, or some of the English grassroots coaches, definitely would not have produced Messi. Messi gets a tick for coaching, as his first coach wasn't horrendous enough to turn him off the sport.

We've all seen the coaches that shout, scream, criticise, humiliate, intimidate, bully etc. and wonder how they are allowed to be around kids. An effective coach needs to be able to support, encourage, and provide feedback. Feedback could very well be in the form of playing, of guided discovery. If kids are given plenty of games, they have more time to master their skills and make decisions, as opposed to line drills, which do nothing but waste time. We all know what a bad pass looks like. We can all recognise mistakes within our performance. It's usually fairly obvious when it goes wrong, because at the foundation stage, it's black and white. That pass went badly because you used the wrong part of your foot. You lost the ball while dribbling because you took too big a touch.

All that's needed is the encouragement to try again, with a few adjustments here and there. This creates the intrinsic love of the game, plus the potential for mastery, which is needed for long term motivation. As the young player begins to age, they do need to have better coaches. The game becomes far more tactical and in depth. Players train to play, they train to compete. They will be judged, selected, and have to face much stiffer competition. No longer are we looking solely at technical development, but now vision and understanding. A Level One coach with the best will in the world cannot do this. The level of football knowledge of the coach at this stage must be significantly higher. I've had many players come to me that are good technically, but tactically inept. Whichever coach they've had didn't understand the formations, the decisions, the structures, the patterns etc. or for whatever reason, they weren't able to teach them. It's frustrating to see wasted talent. As mentioned in the book Legacy, England are world class at wasting talent. This was said about rugby, but it's so true for football.

The Germans completely restructured their youth development system. This placed a highly qualified coach within easy reach of every kid in the country. Mario Gotze, scorer of the winning goal at the 2014 World Cup, would not have been identified or developed if Germany didn't make these changes. They were able to get good coaches out to all players, leaving no one behind.

In England we're starting to catch up. A large problem that we have is that coaching often isn't a profession. For many within football, it's part time. They have another job. That must take priority. Football becomes secondary. In the US, coaching is a profession, and even average coaches can make a good living. That's going to draw more applicants to roles, and keep coaches in the career paths for longer. It's changing now, as even academies lower down the pyramid are looking to employ a few coaches on a full time basis. These coaches will be able to stop looking for other ventures to supplement their wages. We keep the talent in coaching. It can become a career. It can involve less risk. It can involve more reward.

To summarise; just don't have a bad coach when you're very young, and IF the child is developing well and hitting certain targets by certain ages, then they should also be receiving better coaching as they play for better teams in better leagues. The IF sometimes isn't due to the work rate of the child, or the input of the coach. As we'll now find out.


Environment

Do you operate within a supportive environment, or are you told that you will become a lesbian if you keep playing sport? Environments can either encourage or destroy. They can fuel the quest for excellence, or reinforce the comfort zone of mediocrity. You'll be surprised how even at high levels the leadership or the environment can be completely toxic. Players want to feel valued, they want opportunity to play and to grow. Mourinho, Ferguson, Guardiola etc. all masters at making their players feel incredible. That's a very important skill.

The environment is often caused by a particular mission statement. For the All Blacks, it's to leave the jersey in a better place than when you got it. The team comes first. The shirt is not yours, you are only wearing it for now. I've always liked the way some countries like Brazil and Mexico refer to their first teams, or national teams. Selecao, or Seleccion, translating as "Selection." You have been selected to play for this team. You have been selected to play for this country. That has great connotations. Playing for your country is not a God given right, but a privilege and an honour. Think about how that could affect the motivation of the player. Out of millions of people, YOU, have been SELECTED.

For Allardyce at Bolton, it was Us v The World. We are scummy, unfashionable Bolton. No one likes us. No one wants us here in the Premier League. They all hate playing against us. For Mourinho at Real Madrid, it was similar, in that he convinced his players Barcelona and UEFA were secretly running football and cheating Real out of titles. At Barcelona, they are representing a nation. They are Catalonia. They are fighting for independence. Everything they do is shoving two fingers up at the Spanish government. This creates an environment of urgency, and a cause that all the players can buy into. This increases the drive towards excellence.

When working in Mexico, the environment was all wrong. How can a football mad country of 120 million not be producing world class players? They've never even threatened a World Cup. At my club, it was full of rich kids, who were enabled at every turn. There was no discipline. There was no drive for excellence. There was no incentive. It's a difficult one though, as this is not the experience of all Mexicans. The poor kids have plenty of time and space to play football in the streets, and as they are football crazy, there's plenty of passionate and enthusiastic people around to join in. What doesn't help there is that there is a distinct lack of facilities, it's incredibly dangerous, and it's a largely lazy nation where many people are superficial. They value overhead kicks and nutmegs over proper, pragmatic, British football. It's all for show. And with this, they're just not that bothered. Mexicans are a very relaxed group of people. And they're incredibly happy too. What they don't have is a track record of producing high quality talent.

Given enough people, which is provided in a population of 120,000,000, and with that nation being football crazy, then enough of them will make it as professional. Enough of them will be decent. Enough of them will be able to compete on a world stage. But they're not world class. Each of the World Cup winning nations has some absolutely standout players, and even those to have come close. Mexico should be producing far better players than they have done.

Looking at another country I know well, we can see similarities with Kuwait. Kuwait takes it a bit further in that they are even more lazy than in Mexico. At least Mexicans have somewhat of a motive to play football and to compete, whereas in Kuwait, that just doesn't exist. The children are spoilt and rich. There is no work ethic whatsoever. The players, the parents, the coaches, the clubs, have very little inspiration, desire, or motive to play the game. They don't need to, If they're not very good at it, then they either pretend they are, or give up to not look foolish. If they are good at it, they probably won't apply themselves in the way they need to, because the environment is not one of hard work, sacrifice, and determination.

We must make a distinction between the micro and the macro. The environment can be different between clubs within the same country. For example, in Kuwait, we represented one of the biggest clubs in the world. Our culture was determined by them. We had high standards, and held our players, coaches, and parents to those high standards. We stood out as by far the best football experience that a young player could get in the country. We could improve what came to us, but only to a point. We were inhibited by the wider world around us.

In Kuwait, we held players accountable. We gave them ownership, We enforced strict rules in regards to code of conduct, how the boys would train, play, and represent the club. As coaches, we did not cut corners. We researched our sessions and thought deeply about what to teach them, and how to do it, working from a scrutinised curriculum. Other clubs didn't have any of that. It's no wonder we were in such high demand. We had really set a very high bar. Sadly, what use is it if we are the only one? What's the point of being the smartest peanut in the turd? There was no progression, and no opportunity (but we'll come onto that later). We played against other teams, and it was a shambles. No structured league, no organisation, no adherence to rules. We couldn't provide regular, competitive, or even useful fixtures.

Away from football, Kuwait has two large problems that directly affect the development of young players. The first is that there is rampant obesity. So many young players are chubby. Some of them even have saggy bellies, How is that possible as a teenager? Even the ones that aren't fat have terrible fitness. Their body fat percentage is high despite looking relatively thin. There is no shape or structure about their bodies. This directly affects their strength and stamina. They live off of fast food in an indulgent society that will bring frozen yoghurt to your door via moped at one in the morning. That's their dopamine hits right there with that instant satisfaction. Linked to this is the school physical education system. The P.E., where there is any, is atrocious. So they are unfit, and massively lacking in any kind of developed motor skill system. Their agility, balance, and coordination is useless. This greatly inhibits their ability to learn and develop skills when they are older because they have not got a decent base to build upon. There is no foundation for skill development. A lot of the P.E. teachers they have, even in some of the private schools, are not qualified or experienced in sport.

So the kids are taught to be lazy, arrogant, bone idol, dependent upon others, and expectant of the world to magically provide, while not developing any kind of skill set or fitness. That's why our effect on them was greatly limited. We were just a fart in a hurricane. There's no culture of grit, and no demanding of excellence. The environment was not conducive to player development of any kind.

Like with coaching, the difference between a good coach and a great coach, or a good environment and a bad environment, is a fairly small advantage to be gained. Anyone would rather have a great environment than a good environment, but a bad environment is destructive. There's no real coming back from it. The world a child grows up in frames how they view the wider world around them. If they are not pushed or challenged, they will not have the desire to excel. If they are not shown or encouraged to go and practise in the parks, or if there are no facilities for that to happen, then they will miss out on the extra work that needs to be done. For many of our players in Kuwait, the three or or four hours a week they had with us would be their only exercise. Some would play at school, and some would have underutilised home swimming pools, but very little was going on. They did not develop a love for the ball. Without it, success becomes impossible.





Opportunity

This is the last, and easily most important one. How did players in the good old days make it to the top without coaching, and in an environment where football was still carving a niche for itself? It comes down to the opportunity to play and to grow. Opportunity is something that is needed at all levels. When it comes to job fulfilment, we care more about feeling valued, and seeing the benefits of our work, than we do about pay. Once you are paid enough, salary is no longer an issue. For a doctor, the opportunity exists to see the health of their patients improve. For a firefighter, it is to see the family saved. They actually see if their endeavour was a success or not, as they have that tangible evidence right there in front of them. That's what they love. That is the reward from them. They love what they do and love the effect that they have on the world.

There also exists the opportunity for them to be who they want to be, to improve, to be something important, to belong, to feel valued, to make a difference. At a young age, footballers want the opportunity to try things for themselves. They want to learn and try these new exciting skills, and to see the success of their actions. Simple, short, repetitive games provide them with the opportunity to learn, experiment, and succeed. Don't go telling them what to do, as they want autonomy. A bit of help and guidance is welcomed, but don't do it for them.

As young players progress, what they want and need begins to change slightly. They move away from games as a U3 where every player has their own ball and gets to behave like cartoon characters. They want to score goals, compete with and against others. They need the opportunity to experiment. They need the opportunity to experience failure and success. They still need that autonomy, to experience the game as theirs. Sure, we teach them skills and give them advice, but we can't take too much of the decision making and ownership away from them, or they will not have the opportunity to develop. Do they have these opportunities? Are they allowed to play at school? To play for their school team? Do they have the opportunity to play for a club side? If they are doing well, do they get the opportunity to play for a better team?

I often wonder what it must be like in remote villages, or one of the many island communities that surround the UK. I suppose I've seen it in Canada in the small towns to some extent. If you're the best in your group or team, do you have the opportunity to move up an age? To play for a better team? To receive better coaching? To play against better players? Once a year, the best kids in our town in Alberta would get to compete in provincial tournaments over a weekend. Our season lasted two or three months. They didn't have the opportunity to play all year round, as leagues were not set up for that. There was no interest in indoor leagues or futsal. They did not spent those months playing at school. They weren't part of a culture that would go to their park and play some jumpers for goalposts. Thus, their opportunity to play, practise, and develop is not there.

These opportunities can often be taken away by the parents. I've worked at some very expensive clubs. We could give scholarships, but I've seen young players turn them down because they would feel embarrassed. In Mexico, we tried to recruit a few poor kids that were phenomenally good. They came, tried hard, and set the place alight. We bent over backwards to bring them in. What scared them off was the quality of cars (or even having cars), sometimes the accents of the fresas (posh people), the careers of the other parents, the houses the kids lived in, the schools they went to, and even that the coaches were British, and they couldn't speak English. It would be a combination of those things, and a combination of parental influence and not wanting to be excluded or looked down upon by their peers. I had a girl trial for me who was pure class. The others desperately wanted her in the team because they wanted to win. I spoke enough Spanish to be able to communicate with her, and for those that didn't understand, the rest of the team translated. We thought we did our best to make her feel welcome, and to show we were willing to help out. Sadly, we never heard from her again. We don't know what we did wrong, and would have loved to have known. She joined another team that was largely made up of girls from the barrios (working class neighbourhoods), who didn't have the facilities or coaches that we had. She'll probably still make it as a very good player, because of who she was and how good she was at twelve. As long as she keeps playing, only having catastrophically dreadful coaches, and being in a god forsaken environment will prevent her from getting there.

Opportunity means different things to different players at different ages. In the UK, as is in many other countries, girls simply don't have the opportunity to make a living from the game. Up until exams because a big deal, boys and girls could potentially give the same commitment to football. At fourteen, when the GCSEs start, some boys may get it slightly easier, or may have some allowances from their parents, that does not interrupt a strict, demanding, academy environment. These boys have a realistic chance of being able to pay their bills from playing football, and so will be encouraged. Girls don't. They may begin to sacrifice their centre of excellence sessions in favour of revision (or their parents will refuse to take them to a one hour session, believing that one hour will make all the difference). Such a choice has a clear motive; education is more important than football. To make a difficult decision quickly, pretend you have a gun pointed at your head, and you have five seconds to choose, or you get neither. Another one is to flip a coin. Instead of going by what the coin tells you, while that coin is in midair, you will reveal to yourself which of the two options it is that you truly want.

Many people have heard me say this before, but we lose plenty of good female players in England because they choose education over football. They move away to university at eighteen, at a time when they could be pushing to play in some good teams and get plenty of football. Some stay sharp, playing for their university team and their local team, or even get into a very good team while at university. Opportunities are increasing every day, but on the balance of things, I've seen more lost than gained by making these choices.

At the top of the pathway, opportunity manifests itself in the ability to be a professional and to play at a good level. In England, the debate we have is are too many foreigners in the Premier League ruining our game? A more specific and accurate question is; does the short-term, results-based, high pressure environment of the Premier League influence coaches to spend money on foreign talent than risk bringing in a young player that may not be ready? Look at the careers of Allardyce, Pardew, McCarthy, Bruce, Pulis etc. You've got six months to keep this club in the Premier League. You don't bring in a U18 that's had a few good games for the reserves, you bring in a cheap import that is over twenty five, that has been playing in this league, or a league of similar quality, for many years. This type of player can hit the ground running. They can do a job today, The U18 will need years to be at their best. The U18 is more likely to cause mistakes, and the more mistakes in a game, the more likely you are to concede, lose, and be relegated.

In countries like Kuwait and Singapore, where football is the most popular sport, there's just not much opportunity to play professionally. Their national teams are dreadful, and are in no danger of making it to a World Cup any time soon. Kuwait occasionally qualify for the Asian Cup, but rarely even score a goal. If you're born in these places, you probably won't think being a professional is viable. Even if you do, who would you play for? Qadsiya? Kazma? Who are they? The natives don't pay attention to their own league. You wouldn't be making much money playing for them. There's not much of a realistic opportunity, and it's certainly not a glamorous one.

If we head back to Mexico, where a good level, rich, professional league exists, we'll note that in the top levels, the bridge from youth to professional is often obstructed. You have to be a favourite. You have to pay a price. The first thing that comes to mind in Mexican football is corruption. I heard countless stories of players not being picked because they didn't pay the coach. So it looks like there's an opportunity, but just how real is it?

When analysing a team, club, league, or country, try to consider the opportunities available, and how it coincides with what the player might need at that time. Can they play? Can they play a lot? Can they play extra? Can they compete? Can they compete against others? Can they be challenged more? Can they play in an elite environment? Can they earn money from the game? These are very important factors to consider. That added incentive, that opportunity, can be that extra push to help players strive to be better, and to make the necessary sacrifices to make it. If there were no space program, very few of us would grow up wanting to be astronauts. We'd not even know it was possible. Even less of us would have any idea of what going to space was like. We wouldn't think about oxygen, spacesuits, radiation, and gravity. What on Earth are those things?

Summary

Coaching is important, but not as important as the environment, which is not as important as the opportunity. Kids make it in Africa, despite a less than conducive environment, and despite no coaches. It's because they have the opportunity. They can play with their friends, in teams, and even make it professionally. Because they love the ball, they find a way to do it. There may be a scout hanging around, looking for the next Michael Essien or George Weah. In fact, agencies thrive off of it. These kids know, even if it is a one in a million shot, that they have a slim chance of making it to play in Europe.

If you've got the opportunity, then it would also help to have the right environment. Are people supportive and encouraging? Do they value learning? Does it challenge you? Does it inspire and empower you? Does it set high standards and strive towards excellence? Think of it like the culture. So many things can drive, change, and influence it, both on the micro and macro scale. Is it the coach of the team? The club rules or playing philosophy? Is it how the parents raise their kids in a certain part of the world?

Once all that's in place, how about the coaches? Are they decent enough? Poor coaches are ones that turn their players off to the game. They rant and rave. They humiliate. They bore and they frustrate. We all want leaders that show compassion, understanding, value us, empower us, and give us the opportunity to be better versions of ourselves. We'd definitely prefer a more knowledgeable coach if we could get one, but how about their ability to actually teach? Do they get their point across? Do they know what is necessary to make you a better player? Are they helping you get there?

Consider the coaching, the environment, and the opportunity when choosing a club. Despite all the best intentions, you could be battling against all the odds, swimming upstream, or fighting a stacked hand. This leads to banging your head against a brick wall, and wasted potential. Don't do that to yourself. You're better than that.

The best players at producing top players don't do it by magic. There is no secret formula that they are hiding from the world. When going to these gold mines, you'll notice that they are just doing good things. They have the right balance of coaching, environment, and opportunity. There's nothing special, nothing amazing, nothing mind blowing. It's sure to be impressive in some ways. Don't go looking for the quick fix, the easy solution, or the shortcut. They do not exist. With all our scrutiny, research, and criticism, we would have found the shortcuts by now.